关键词: 黑龙江西部, 水稻旱直播, 轻简化模式, 节水, 经济效益

Abstract:

Water shortage has become an important limiting factor for rice production in China. The emergence and development of dry direct seeding has provided new ideas for rice industry. Aiming at the problems of low precipitation and unreasonable utilization of irrigation water resource in western Heilongjiang province, a simplified cultivation technology system of rice direct seeding in dry land was established based on the research of varieties screening, mechanical seeding, weeding and water-saving irrigation techniques. The results showed that, compared with the traditional transplanting and submerged irrigation cultivation mode, the simplified cultivation mode had significant water-saving effect, which could save water 2 435.0 m3 per hectare, and the water saving rate was 19.78%. At the same time, it could significantly reduce the manual operation process, simplify and save labor, and was conducive to large-scale operation. Under the simplified mode, the cost could be saved by 3 237.0 yuan per hectare and the economic benefit could be increased by 3 974.1 yuan per hectare, which increased by 33.2%.

Key words: western Heilongjiang, rice dry direct seeding, simplified cultivation, water saving, economic benefit